The science is clear. Unless we reverse greenhouse gas emissions and restore biodiversity, temperatures will rise and ecosystems will degrade to a point where large parts of the planet will become unliveable.

In our 2023-27 strategy, the Elders set out an ambition to contain the planetary emergency and protect the most vulnerable through revitalised global cooperation. We identify four outcomes necessary for success:

1. Big emitters are held to account for policies that align with the 1.5˚ C limit and the global nature goal, and accelerate just transitions
2. Global solidarity mechanisms strengthen the resilience of those most vulnerable
3. Public and private finance is aligned with global climate and nature goals
4. The voices of women and youth leaders are heard and create the political space for more ambitious action.

In our paper, we outline what that means in practice. We explore nine themes that demand close attention and formulate a set of proposals for action to governments:

• Put justice at the heart of the climate and nature transition
• Integrate climate action and the protection of nature
• Revitalise global cooperation and the multilateral response to the climate and nature crisis
• Champion policy-making based on science, in an era of rising disinformation 
• Commit to a rapid and just phase out of fossil fuels
• Make polluters pay
• Increase financial flows to support a just transition  
• Govern technology to benefit everyone
• Take a joined-up approach to policy-making, recognising the impact of climate change on all areas of human life

Individuals, civil society, businesses, subnational governments and international organisations all have roles in addressing the climate and nature crisis. While the primary responsibility lies with national governments, the climate and nature crisis is also one of collective action. In our paper, we also outline key recommendations to businesses and civil society.